Dexedrine
Product Name (Trade and Generic): Dexedrine, dextroamphetamine
History of Use with ADHD: Dexedrine has been in use since the 1930's and has been widely used for the management of ADHD since as early as 1937. Along with Ritalin, this prescription medication is one of the most widely prescribed and most commonly used prescription medications for the treatment of ADHD. Like other stimulant therapies, studies show that 60 to 70 percent of children with ADHD, and a similar percentage of ADHD adults, demonstrate improved focus, attention span, and learning ability when Dexedrine is in use.
Desired Physiological Effects: Dexedrine is believed to work by stimulating areas of the brain that are underperforming in their intended function. In order to function effectively, the brain sends messages back and forth to all parts of the body by way of chemical messengers, including dopamine and serotonin. In ADHD patients, the area of the brain that manages the levels of brain chemicals is believed to be working improperly, resulting in sluggish brain efficiency. By taking stimulant medication, the underperforming area of the brain becomes activated to a proper level, and the patient begins to exhibit the desired attributes of calmness, focus, good impulse control, etc.
Dexedrine is available in both a standard release formula (good for a few hours) and a sustained release formula (good for several hours).
Contraindications (When Drug Should Not be Used): Dexedrine should not be used when the following factors apply:
* When a patient is allergic to amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, or any other drugs;
* When certain other prescription drugs are being used;
* When there are behavior disturbances, thought disorders, depression or psychotic illnesses present;
* When the patient has an overactive thyroid gland;
* When heart conditions are present;
* When glaucoma is present;
* When there is a family history or specific diagnosis of motor tics or Tourette's syndrome;
* When the patient is pregnant, plans to become pregnant, or is breast-feeding;
* When there is a history of drug abuse;
* When it is necessary for the patient to drive or operate machinery while under medication.
Common Side Effects: Like all stimulant therapy, Dexedrine may cause one or more of the following side effects:
* Insomnia;
* Decreased Appetite;
* Weight Loss;
* Growth Delay;
* Headaches and Stomach Aches;
* Crying, Nervousness, Restlessness;
* Increased Heart Rate or Palpitations;
* Dizziness;
* Tremors, Difficulty Coordinating Movement;
* Tics;
* Changes in Sex Drive or Sexual Performance;
* Potential for Drug Dependency.
For more information on general stimulant-related side effects, see our detailed webpage on Ritalin Side Effects.
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