Adderall

Product Name (Trade and Generic):
Adderall, mixed salts of amphetamines

History of Use with ADHD:
Adderall is a relatively new formulation of dextroamphetamines plus amphetamines that was developed in the early 1990's. Medical professionals have recently been turning to this medication as the prescription drug of choice for the treatment of ADHD. It is a combined formulation of four closely related stimulants that results in a product offering good consistent results lasting for several hours. With this drug, there are far fewer problems with rebound and withdrawal symptoms. Also, due to its long lasting effect, there is no need for a middle of the day dosage -- a significant convenience to many families. Like other stimulant therapies, studies show that 60 to 70 percent of children with ADHD, and a similar percentage of ADHD adults, demonstrate improved focus, attention span, and learning ability when Adderall is in use.

Desired Physiological Effects:
Adderall is believed to work by stimulating areas of the brain that are underperforming in their intended function. In order to function effectively, the brain sends messages back and forth to all parts of the body by way of chemical messengers, including dopamine and serotonin. In ADHD patients, the area of the brain that manages the levels of brain chemicals is believed to be working improperly, resulting in sluggish brain efficiency. By taking stimulant medication, the underperforming area of the brain becomes activated to a proper level, and the patient begins to exhibit the desired attributes of calmness, focus, good impulse control, etc.

Adderall's formulation includes both slow-acting and fast-acting components, so there is no need for a sustained release formula.

Contraindications (When Drug Should Not be Used):
Adderall should not be used when the following factors apply:

* When a patient is allergic to amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, or any other drugs;

* When certain other prescription drugs are being used;

* When there are behavior disturbances, thought disorders, depression or psychotic illnesses present;

* When the patient has an overactive thyroid gland;

* When heart conditions are present;

* When glaucoma is present;

* When there is a family history or specific diagnosis of motor tics or Tourette's syndrome;

* When the patient is pregnant, plans to become pregnant, or is breast-feeding;

* When there is a history of drug abuse;

* When it is necessary for the patient to drive or operate machinery while under medication.

Common Side Effects:
Like all stimulant therapy, Adderall may cause one or more of the following side effects:

* Insomnia;

* Decreased Appetite;

* Weight Loss;

* Growth Delay;

* Headaches and Stomach Aches;

* Crying, Nervousness, Restlessness;

* Increased Heart Rate or Palpitations;

* Dizziness;

* Tremors, Difficulty Coordinating Movement;

* Tics;

* Changes in Sex Drive or Sexual Performance;

* Potential for Drug Dependency.

For more information on general stimulant-related side effects, see our detailed webpage on Ritalin Side Effects.

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